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尋一款適合收藏的普洱茶

【香港商報網訊】普洱茶既適合短期飲用,又適合中長期儲 藏。大滇先生撰文指出,合適的原料+ 合理的工藝+ 良好的倉儲成就一款好普洱茶,大家可以根據自己需要選擇合適的普洱茶。短期飲用的普洱茶要求不是那麼多,如果要存茶,就要仔細挑選。許多人說:以口收茶, 這一說法並不完全適用,不妨根據你心目中的存茶時間選茶。唯滿足原料、工藝、倉儲三方面條件者,才適合長期收藏。
  首先,合適的原料。原料是基礎,不好的原料自然沒有收藏價值。收藏級別的茶,原料應該選上等原料制作,其中以大樹茶古樹喬木茶為上品。
  其次,合適的工藝加工。包括鮮葉殺青工藝,也包括後續的加工工藝。殺青適度揉撚適度成型松緊適度成型後不要烘乾自然陰乾為宜
  對制作工藝,大滇先生特別指出,很多茶農的茶在原料上佔據優勢,故很多人認為,自己家做,可以選好料,揉撚、殺青、曬青都可以做好,還石磨壓制,一定比大廠好,這個論點是錯誤的。
  茶農茶的缺陷,不是原料問題,通常茶農做的茶,原料都很不錯,但後制作工藝上有缺陷。    比如在原料的處理、精加工上。收上來的茶,有的要經過切制加工,有的不需要,主要看原料的具體情況。有的臺地茶、小樹茶,前期揉撚不夠,不利於後續轉化, 這時,收上來的茶是退不回去的,制茶者的功力就比較關鍵,需要進一步處理處理。而茶農是不會考慮的,壓個餅,包一張紙,搞定。相對來說,大廠在這些方面有 優勢,精制處理、發汗,這些是茶農做不了的事。同樣,一個精細制茶的人在制茶的時候,要告訴工人怎麼做,如何殺青?到什麼程度?揉撚到什麼程度等等。
  後續的蒸茶,有規模的茶廠用鍋爐蒸茶,大約5-7秒就開始壓制,茶農和一些小廠,用蒸鍋、蒸籠蒸茶,15-20分鐘,經常把茶蒸爛,或蒸不足,壓制不成餅,返工再蒸,這其中的差別,相當於牛奶消毒,巴氏殺菌跟人工煮沸消毒,鮮爽度不一樣。茶農茶的缺陷還表現在乾燥上。
  茶農多用太陽曬乾餅茶,陰天就烘乾,當天原料進去,當天出成品,與正規茶廠的烘乾工序大不同,正規茶廠的烘乾是下面加熱,讓室內溫度維持在35度左右,茶餅放在架子上,大約3天左右。其實陰乾是最好的方式,一般春天需要7天左右。
  由於這三方面的因素,雖然多數茶農茶原料上佔據了優勢,但不能給很高評價,而事實上,大廠的很多茶,雖然原料稍遜,如果後期工藝合理,比茶農茶更有前途,很多茶農茶現喝固然好喝,存放不很樂觀。
  至於儲藏,應該選乾燥的地方自然陳化,所謂進倉之法,實為投機取巧,效果已經證明,無益於普洱的長期存放。
[責任編輯:蔣璐]

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