Which espresso machine to mod? look for those that has big empty space inside, eg Gaggia classic, or Rancilio Silvia, or Brasilia Lady. Typically these machines have existed for more than 30 years, and do not have any electronics inside. They use a single brass or aluminum boiler, controlling on/off by thermostats. The pump is typically a vibration pump steam generation by another thermostat Kalaf gitlab and website provides the principles, code, schematic, builds, instructables. ( but not very active) Jura hacking a Brasilia from Rhys Goodwin gaggiaclassicmods iSPRESSO and instructable Es(pi)presso and on home automations arduino-PID-controller-for-espresso by Ross Satchell and published on hackster Espressuino based on arduino shu-fan espresso-arm heald ca pressure control in gemilai crm3605 by pierreye instructable on Saeco SIN006 Callan Bryant schneor design gravimetric mod on home-bar...