Today(2015), with over 29 million Americans with diabetes and nearly 400 million similar individuals worldwide, the enormity of the diabetes problem has escalated exponentially CHF: congestive heart failure ER: emergency room ESRD: end-stage renal disease IHD: ischemic heart disease. Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Hong Kong. It claimed about 13700 in-patient discharges and in-patient deaths in all hospitals†, and 492 registered deaths‡ in 2015. It was the tenth commonest cause of deaths in Hong Kong, accounting for 1.1% of all deaths in 2015. The crude death rates were 7.2 for male and 6.4 for female per 100000 population of respective sex in 2015. The true number of deaths from diabetes is possibly higher since many deaths can be attributed to its late complications. Age-standardised death rates were 3.8 for male and 2.6 for female per 100000 standard population in 2015. From early 1980's to 2000, the age standardised mortality rate showe