核甘酸類似物抑乙肝病毒

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香港大學的研究發現，乙型肝炎病人使用核甘或核甘酸類似物(nucleoside analogue)進行治療，可較服用傳統藥物長效型聚乙干擾素，有效抑制乙肝病毒（HBV DNA）至不能察覺的狀況，以降低患上肝硬化及肝癌的機會。同時，以核甘或核甘酸類似物相互補足，亦可有效減低身體的抗藥性。

香港大學內科學系（肝臟科）講座教授黎青龍表示，乙肝病毒是病者出現肝硬化及肝癌的指標，在病毒較多的患者中，服用核甘酸類似物「替諾福韋」一年後，有七成六患者在進行螢光定量測試乙肝病毒含量時，可降至不能察覺的數量；至於恩替卡韋、汰比夫定等核甘類似物，亦分別有三成六至六成七病者服用一年後，病毒可降至不被察覺含量。而使用傳統干擾素一年後，只有兩成半病人的病毒降至不能察覺的數量。
僅少數呈抗藥性

港大腸胃及肝臟科教授袁猛峰亦表示，單一使用核甘類似物作治療，患者服用首兩年都沒有出現抗藥性，而使用核甘酸類似物的藥物時，只有一成患者呈抗藥性。舉例說，如病人服用單一的核甘類似物，一旦出現抗藥性，只要附加核甘酸類似物同用，兩周後已可有效停止抗藥性。

三十多歲的陳先生指，於十七、八歲時因懷疑患感冒而抽血檢驗，確診患上乙型肝炎，他曾接受干擾素注射，出現甩頭髮、發燒及「瘦到好似非洲飢民咁」等副作用，其後轉服核甘類的拉米夫定藥物，精神及胃口才轉好。但他稱，治療期間曾出現抗藥性反應，在服用核甘酸類似物阿德福韋補救後，乙肝病毒已降低，目前健康狀況良好。

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