The majority of chinese are from haplogroup O3. And the migration is from north china, during Han漢-Tang唐 dynasty ( 1700 years ago) and Han漢-Song宋 dynasty ( 800 years ago)
Among all the populations of East and Southeast Asia, Haplogroup O3 is most closely associated with those that speak a Sinitic, Tibeto-Burman, or Hmong-Mien language. Haplogroup O3 comprises about 50% or more of the total Y-chromosome variation among the populations of each of these language families. The Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman language families are generally believed to be derived from a common Sino-Tibetan protolanguage, and most linguists place the homeland of the Sino-Tibetan language family somewhere in northern China. The Hmong-Mien languages and cultures, for various archaeological and ethnohistorical reasons, are also generally believed to have derived from a source somewhere north of their current distribution, perhaps in northern or central China. The Tibetans, however, despite the fact that they speak a language of the Tibeto-Burman language family, have a very high percentage of the otherwise rare Haplogroup D1, which is also found at much lower frequencies throughout Central and Northeast Asia. These facts suggest that Haplogroup O3 is characteristic of the easterly part of the zone of transition between the Northeast Asian and Southeast Asian genepools: namely, the region that comprises the North China Plain and the area between the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. It is notable that Haplogroup O3 is the only haplogroup that occurs at high frequencies among populations that possess Northeast Asian genetic characteristics as well as among populations that possess Southeast Asian genetic characteristics.
ChinaMap:
Reference:
from familypedia
from genebase
Among all the populations of East and Southeast Asia, Haplogroup O3 is most closely associated with those that speak a Sinitic, Tibeto-Burman, or Hmong-Mien language. Haplogroup O3 comprises about 50% or more of the total Y-chromosome variation among the populations of each of these language families. The Sinitic and Tibeto-Burman language families are generally believed to be derived from a common Sino-Tibetan protolanguage, and most linguists place the homeland of the Sino-Tibetan language family somewhere in northern China. The Hmong-Mien languages and cultures, for various archaeological and ethnohistorical reasons, are also generally believed to have derived from a source somewhere north of their current distribution, perhaps in northern or central China. The Tibetans, however, despite the fact that they speak a language of the Tibeto-Burman language family, have a very high percentage of the otherwise rare Haplogroup D1, which is also found at much lower frequencies throughout Central and Northeast Asia. These facts suggest that Haplogroup O3 is characteristic of the easterly part of the zone of transition between the Northeast Asian and Southeast Asian genepools: namely, the region that comprises the North China Plain and the area between the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. It is notable that Haplogroup O3 is the only haplogroup that occurs at high frequencies among populations that possess Northeast Asian genetic characteristics as well as among populations that possess Southeast Asian genetic characteristics.
ChinaMap:
In the ChinaMAP, the population structure analysis demonstrated the complexity and features of genetic background in Chinese Han and minority ethnic groups across geographic
regions. The ethnic groups of East Asian ancestry in the ChinaMAP showed unique population genomic characteristics and large difference compared to other populations, as described before. Importantly, the ChinaMAP dataset revealed the genomic characteristics and relationships of Chinese Han and major ethnic minorities. Our data demonstrate
that the Chinese Han population could be mainly distinguished into 7 population clusters, including Northwest Han, North Han,
East Han, Central Han, Southeast Han, South Han and Lingnan Han. The previous classification of North and South Han (CHB and CHS) populations mainly represent a part of the Chinese Han, including North Han, Southeast Han and Lingnan
Han. The PCA analysis from previous report demonstrated that the Singapore Chinese population was mainly overlapped with CHS, and our results showed that CHD was close to Chinese Han populations in east and south coastal provinces. These findings indicated the complexity and diversity of Chinese genomic characteristics, and that the current genomic dataset from Chinese populations abroad only represent the historical Chinese Han migrations from South and East China populations. Furthermore, the genetic diversity and population structures suggest that further construction of Chinese imputation reference panel would contribute to the genotype imputation quality in East Asian ancestry.
Reference:
from familypedia
留言
張貼留言