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雲南小數民族的茶俗




基諾族的涼拌茶、其中基諾族的涼拌茶被稱為人類最初利用茶時「原始生食茶」活化石,創造了獨具特色、豐富精采的茶史與茶文化,特別的是,雖稱為「涼拌茶」,卻只是喝茶葉涼拌後的湯汁,而不是直接食用茶葉。

布朗族人不仅擅于制作竹筒烤茶和酸茶,而且有吃酸茶、喃咪茶和饮青竹茶、土罐茶

布朗族人可谓是普洱茶最早的创造者。古代也称布朗族为“濮人”。

景頗族的腌茶、將採摘來的芽葉 日曬 用鍋蒸煮 倒入竹筒 放置二三個月,待茶葉發酵變黃,或呈現金黃色,並發出特有的茶葉濃香時,即可劈開竹筒,取出棍狀茶柱,曬乾即成。



德昂族的水茶則是以直接食用的方式「吃茶」

「三道茶」是雲南白族招待貴賓時的飲茶方式,白族稱它為"紹道兆",以獨特的「頭苦、二甜、三回味」的方式,在明代時期就成為白家待客交友的方式。苦茶代表了人生的苦境,甜茶代表了人生的甘境,回味茶則代表人生的淡境。
第一道是苦茶,也就是烤茶,烤茶经过火炉上烤制后煮热,香气浓郁、滋味醇厚。

第二道则是甜茶,是以苍山绿茶冲泡的淡茶水,加入红糖、核桃仁、乳扇,喝起来香香甜甜。

第三道是回味茶,是将绿茶里加入少许蜂蜜和花椒、姜,喝起来有麻味、辣味、甜味、苦味,回味无穷。

傈傈族(音為ㄌㄧ‵ㄙㄨ‵)的油茶,是傈傈族古老而普遍的飲茶方法,因當地溫差較大,易造成人體熱量流失,於是傈傈族將米炒至金黃,放入適當的遊、鹽、茶葉及火麻醬翻炒,最後加入沸水熬煮成令人叫絕的「油茶」。

侗族人喝打油茶,它是用茶叶、米花、炒花生、酥黄豆、糯米饭、肉、猪下水、盐、葱花、茶油等混合制成的稠浓汤羹。

納西族特有的「龍虎鬥」,是茶與酒的融合,將煮好的茶水沖進裝有白酒的茶盅內,就會發出「嗤嗤」的聲響

苗族有喝油茶汤的习惯,八宝油茶汤
将鲜茶盛于竹篓,浇上淘米水,置于通风楼阁。

不日,茶叶里长出米蛀虫,以茶为食,繁殖为满篓米虫。茶叶被虫吃光,篓底留下厚厚一层虫屎,筛去杂物,剩下的即为米虫茶。虫茶外形颗粒状,呈黑褐色,色泽油润光滑,有淡淡的香味。

彝族,拉祜族的烤茶
 

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