梅雨 rainy season

鄂霍次克海(Okhotsk)氣團 vs 小笠原氣團

停滯前線

成因

每年6月，來自北方的冷空氣與從南方北上的暖空氣匯合於華南地區，形成華南准靜止鋒。大約到了6月中旬，暖空氣勢力增強，准靜止鋒北移至江南、江淮地區，成江淮准靜止鋒（又稱為梅雨鋒）。7月上旬，准靜止鋒再北移至日本、韓國一帶。由於來自南方的暖空氣夾帶大量水氣，當遇上較冷的氣團時，便會產生大量對流活動。由於這段時間冷暖空氣勢力相若，以致形成滯留鋒面停留在上述地區。

定義

中華民國中央氣象局泛稱5月到6月為梅雨季，但氣象學者出於研究需要，對於入梅（梅雨開始）與出梅（梅雨結束）的日期就有較嚴謹規範。

目前較被廣泛接受的定義為：連續四天以上降雨。四天的平均日雨量超過9毫米的第一天（日雨量9毫米是台灣北部地區五、六月的氣候平均日雨量），即為「入梅」的日期；而滿足上述條件的最後一個梅雨個案的次一天，即為「出梅」的日期。根據以上標準，梅雨期間可以有不下雨的日子，也可以是雨量較少的日子。例如5/15~20分別下了10、0、15、10、5、10毫米，則5/17就是入梅時間（因為5/16沒有下雨）。

入梅Nyuubai（日本節氣）：

每年的6月11日前後,曆法標誌著梅花的到來。

入梅與節分、彼岸一樣,是雜祭之一,據說是太陽黃經達到 80度的日子。

指曆法上雨季的第一天,從這一天起雨季持續約30天。

reference

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