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long march CZ 9, 長征九號



 

 China's Super heavy-lift launch vehicle

maiden flight 2025 ( 2030?)

Long March 9, a 140 t (310,000 lb) to LEO capable rocket was proposed in 2018 by China, with plans to launch the rocket by 2028. The length of the Long March-9 will exceed 90 meters, and the rocket would have a core stage with a diameter of 10 meters. Long March 9 is expected to carry a payload of 140 tonnes into low-Earth orbit, with a capacity of 50 tonnes for Earth-Moon transfer orbit.

 

长征九号运载火箭(CZ-9)是中国航天科技集团自行研制的巨型登月火箭。其主要承担中国载人登月、火星科考取样返回、太阳系外圈行星探测等需要大运载能力的高难度任务。长征九号的近地轨道运载能力高达140吨,月球转移轨道运载能力达50吨。这和美国土星五号运载火箭差不多。长征九号预计长度达110米,起飞推力3000吨,能将120吨的航空器送入太空,将3~5人送至月球。

根据2016年深空探测学报的一篇《我国航天运输系统成就与展望》文章透露,长征九号是加速我国从航天大国向航空强国迈进的重要节点。长征九号为三级半构型,芯级最大直径10米级,有效载荷LEO运载能力140吨,GTO运载能力66吨,LTO运载能力50吨,MTO运载能力37吨。长征九号是完成深空探测、载人登月和登火、空间基础设施建设等任务的重要支撑,例如空间太阳能发电站,这将加速我国航天强国的建设步伐。长征九号采用“通用化、系列化、组合化”发展策略,三个构型的对应结构状态一致,可以模块化组合。还可以捆绑液体助推器,也可以捆绑固体助推器。

解放军报的消息显示,重型火箭先期关键技术攻关,主要内容为“一总三大”,“一总即重型火箭的总体技术和方案优化;三大即10米级大直径箭体结构的设计、制造和试验,480吨大推力的液氧煤油发动机,220吨大推力的氢氧发动机”。到2030年,我国将构建体系完善、分布合理、性能卓越的航天运输系统,提升我国进入太空的探索能力,而长征九号是深空探索的重要载体,也是建设航天强国的重要拼图。

长征九号是我国正在研制重型运载,中长期主要用于,对月球,火星,空间站而设计的,长征九号整体直径相对于上一代运载火箭达到了10米,总长度100米,起飞质量达4000多吨,近地轨道140吨,月球转移轨道50吨,与士星运载火箭相同。

长征九号整体研制正处于论证定型中,各项论证正处于稳步推进中,预计2028年在我国海南文昌发射场择机发射!相信进度一定会比预期还要提前。



航天大會展示載人火箭

CBC結構也就是公共核心助推器結構,說白了就是幾枚火箭組成一個大火箭,德爾塔IV重型、重型獵鷹已經驗證這種方式的可行性。拋開技術和安全性來說,這種火箭最大的好處是可以使用原有的火箭及發動機,無需重新研究新火箭,節約成本、時間,提高效率。


我國新一代921火箭就是CBC結構,預計最快2022年首飛。公開資料顯示其高約90米,起飛質量2000噸,LEO運載力70噸,LTO運載力約25噸。可以發射我國的新一代載人飛船和登月艙,也就是說只要發射兩次就可以滿足載人登月要求。

我國計劃2028年~2030年進行載人登月,如果目前「長征九號」還沒有立項,這個時間點是很難趕上了,所以載人登月使用的很大可能不是「長征九號」火箭,而是921火箭。

 


MP頭條

https://www.bilibili.com/read/cv7067185/

 


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