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神舟十二徑向交會試驗

 


 


第一步是进行绕飞。航天科技集团五院神舟十二号载人飞船飞控技术组组长杨海峰杰介绍,神舟十二号与核心舱分离之后会撤到核心舱前向大约2公里左右,然后从上方绕到核心舱的后下方大约2.5公里处时,绕飞完成。

接下来开始进入“径向交会”模式。在进行“径向交会”试验之前,神舟十二号首先要进行姿态调整,即从水平方向调整到垂直方向。在姿态调整的过程中,神舟十二号逐步靠近核心舱径向对接口,到距离大约200米的位置,飞船完成姿态调整,处于和核心舱垂直的方向。

“这时飞船的对接机构和‘天和’的被动对接机构就对准了。然后再发指令继续前进。”杨海峰说,按照设计,飞船继续前进至离核心舱大约20米的位置,保持5分钟左右。

在完成“径向交会”试验之后,神舟十二号将撤离到距离核心舱下方200米的位置,之后将再次绕飞到核心舱前向。 


至于为何要掌握径向交会对接任务,北京航天飞行控制中心空间站任务总师孙军在受访时表示,这主要因为神舟飞船为航天员访问空间站而设计的,因为今后将进行航天员乘组的轮换,同时有两艘飞船对接空间站,这就意味着将要使用径向对接的方式才能提供航天员进驻空间站的通道和手段。神舟飞船的发动机、控制系统和敏感器是专门为全方位与空间站对接而设计的。



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