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When does Ramadan begin?

Ramadan is determined by sighting of crescent moon. For the moon to be visible, the moon must set after the moon

When is the first crescent moon?

Three methods:

- calculation of ijtima ( sun moon geocentric conjunction)

- time of sunset

- position of sun

- position of moon at sunset

In the book Kitab ad-Dur al-Aniq (by KH. Ahmad Ghozali ) is included in the category of the tahqiqi bi at-tadqiq method with a very long algorithm and several corrections so that it gets very accurate results.

2 Rukyat (observation) 



 2023:
 

2020:


 

2018:


Crescent moon watch 


Aljazeera

Lembago

New criteria 

Hukumonline using Jean meeus algorithms 

Implement astronomical algorithms 

Hisab awal bulan hijriyah metode kitab ad-durr al aniq

Prayer times

Sciencedirect

UTHM

BRIN

@OIFUMSU 

brunei astronomy 

brunei Darussalam FB 

Astrotalk Islam calendar background

Convertdate in Python 


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