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Based on 2023-2024 water report. Milliequivalent/L bar graph: from Brunwater: Residual Alkalinity = 27 - (( 13 + (1.5)/2)/3.5) = 23.07 ppm ( or mg/L as CaC03) Reference: Homebrewtalk ResAlk chart HK water report 2023-2024 Brunwater Beersmith Modernbrewhouse Lenttech online converter

 from BATE 

 1/4 teaspoon of 10% phosphoric acid  for 19 litres. calculated from bate: pH 4.16 For 1 drop = 0.05ml, it means roughly 25 drops Step 1. Convert mass ( or volume) and concentration ( % w/w) to mole per litre ( mol/L) Step 2. Use BATE or other app to calculate pH If aiming for pH 5.6, conc will be 2.5 e-6, or 1/100 tsp , 0.044 ml, roughly 1 drop From homebrewtalk , AHA , summer rye , hefe Gordon Strong suggested to use 1/4 teaspoon of 10% phosphoric acid, target pH of 5.5. From BF calc, Sparge pH would be 4.6. but he also added 1 tsp of CaCl2. 2H20. Mash pH change from 5.7 to 5.64. byo   hbf uk . YouTube  . Obviously Gordon is NOT using  RO water, with~ 5% minerals. Anyways, fo your own pH measurements ..... He is adding more than required, due to CaCl2 he added same time? TBC. my excel For 2L,  for pH4.16, then it means ~2.6 drop for pH5.6, then it means ~0.1 drop Better still, using target pH value to find mol/L : Using the calculated mol/L to find req...

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By dilution, eg using 85% conc(w/w) phosphoric acud From Steffen's density table (short version): Molar mass of phosphoric acid is 98 Molarity1 * volume 1 = molarity2 * volume 2 (mole concept ) Density1*conc1* vol1= density 2*conc2*vol2 ( mass concept) Density * conc(%)/ molar mass = molarity(no. Of moles per litre ) Some worked example: From my excel Normality: The normality of a solution is the molarity multiplied by the number of equivalents per mole. eg 3N of KCL solution = 3g of KCL solids / 1 litre of solution  But for H 3 PO4 phosphoric acid, number of equivalents per mole is 3 So normality of H 3 PO4 phosphoric acid = 14.68*3= 44 Reference : Sigma aldrich calculator  ( conc in molar or normal) aqion de calculator. DO NOT download!!! Has reputation virus Chembuddy Homebrewtalk  Silver_is_money is correct , who likes to think in gram instead of mole

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